Submissions
Submission Preparation Checklist
All submissions must meet the following requirements.
- The submission has not been previously published, nor is it before another journal for consideration (or an explanation has been provided in Comments to the Editor).
- The submission file is in OpenOffice, Microsoft Word, or RTF document file format.
- Where available, URLs for the references have been provided.
- The text adheres to the stylistic and bibliographic requirements outlined in the Author Guidelines.
- The text is double-spaced; uses Time New Roman 12-point font; employs italics, rather than underlining (except with URL addresses); and all illustrations, figures, and tables are placed within the text at the appropriate points, rather than at the end.
- Author Contributors Form
Original Article
We publish all types of research articles, i.e. descriptive, analytical, and experimental. However, we believe that some descriptive studies fall under the audit section more than an original research article. Such articles which do not contribute substantially to existing knowledge or to new concepts will be placed under the AUDIT section of the journal. The word limits are up to 3000 words excluding the abstract and the references.
- Original Articles should have the following headings in their manuscript:
- Title
- Abstract
- Key Words
- Introduction
- Methods
- Results
- Discussion
- Conclusion
- Limitation
- Acknowledgement
- Conflict of Interest
- Reference
Title
- Complete the title of the article
- Provide also Running title – not more than 50 characters
- Be short, accurate, and unambiguous giving your paper a distinct personality
- Begin with the subject of the study
- Avoid excessive adjectives and noun strings
Abstracts
- The abstract should contain the essence of the whole paper and should stand-alone. Be clear and concise and avoid unnecessary detail.
- Word limits – 300 words
- No abbreviation to be used in abstract
- Structured abstract - into following sub groups
- Background
- Objectives
- Methods
- Results
- Conclusion
Key Words
- Key Words – 3-5 words, arranged in alphabetical order
- Use Key Words from the MeSH index – website http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/mesh
Introduction
- Word limit – 300 words
- Introductions should be short and arresting and tell the reader why you undertook the study
- Divide the Introduction into three parts
- The first paragraph should be a very short summary of the existing knowledge of your research area.
- This should lead directly into the second paragraph that summarizes what other people have done in this field, what limitations have been encountered with work to date, and what questions still need to be answered.
- This, in turn, will lead to the last paragraph, which should clearly state what you did and why.
- Do not write conclusion in this section
Methods
Basically, it should include three questions:
- How was the study designed?
- How was the study carried out?
- How was the data analyzed?
Mention following, in order of their appearance, and writing in past tense or passive verb
- Study type and study design
- Place and duration of study
- Sample size and Sampling method
- Methods of data collection
- Ethical Approval and Patient consent
- Inclusion and exclusion criteria
- Protocols followed (if any)
- Statistical analysis and software used
You should give precise details of the questionnaires you used and how they were developed, validated, and tested for repeatability. If IJPHAP questions, you should be able to provide the questionnaire.
When the sample size is smaller than 40, the results are rarely believable, the summary estimates lack of precision, standard statistical methods may be inappropriate, and the generalizability of the results will be questionable. It is always important to include details of your sample size calculations.
For comparison, you must also describe the methods of randomization, allocation concealment and blinding of the research staff and the participants to study group allocation. You must also describe any procedures that you used to maximize or measure compliance with the interventions. If a drug is being tested, then the generic name, the manufacturer, the doses used and any other information should be included.
Results
You should use an interesting sequence of text, tables, and figures to answer the study questions and to tell the story without diversions. Remember that results and data are not the same thing. You do not need to repeat numbers in the text that are already presented in a table or a figure.
It is essential that you are consistent in the use of units in your reporting so that readers can make valid comparisons between and within groups. IJPHAP require you to use Système Internationale (SI) units
- Clearly present relevant data, and avoid data redundancy
- Only significant results must be shown under this heading
- Use a mixture of text, tables, and figures
- Avoid using percentages unless the group have more than 100 subjects
- When condensing results give the number of subjects, the range of results, the central tendency (mean± SD), and the spread (confidence interval for the mean)
- If you have done an analysis of variance give the estimates with their degrees of freedom and p values.
- Prepare tables and figures according to the instructions mentioned above
- Tables and illustrations/ graphs/ charts should not represent the same results.
- Use the space below the legend to show some important findings.
- Write all your result text under one section referring to appropriate legends.
Template for the result, in order of their appearance
- Describe the study sample. Who did you study?
- Univariate analyses - How many participants had what?
- Bivariate analyses - What is the relation between the outcome and explanatory variables?
- Multivariate analyses - What is the result when the confounders and effect modifiers have been taken into account?
Discussion
- Discuss major findings. It should not merely be a repetition of the results section. Only duplicating data from the results section into this heading is NOT allowed
- Avoid unnecessary explanations of someone else work unless it is very relevant to the study. Other studies should be quoted in relation to the findings of the present study.
- Provide and discuss the literature to support the study
- Mention about
- Limitations of your study
- Confounding factors
- Possible implications which are not mentioned in the abstract
Conclusion
Template for Conclusion, in order of their appearance
- What did this study show? Address the aims stated in the
- Introduction
- Strengths and weaknesses of methods
- Discuss how the results support the current literature or refute current knowledge
- Future directions “So what?” and “where next?” Impact on current thinking or practice
Also, make note of the following
- Give recommendations from your study
Acknowledgment
Acknowledge any person or institute who has helped the study Make acknowledgment short and do not add praise or literature in this section
Conflict of Interest
References
Abide by IJPHAP guideline – Vancouver citation method. Not more than 40 references for the Original Article
Legends
Table e.g. (Table 1) and Figure e.g. (Figure 3) Put tables, charts, and figures at the end of the paper, after references
IJPHAP Template-Original Article
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