A case control study on maternal complications of teenage pregnancy in Nepal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62992/ijphap.v1i1.11Keywords:
Maternal, Complications, Teenage pregnancyAbstract
Background: WHO defines Teenage pregnancy as pregnancy in a female under the age of 20. Pregnant teenagers face many of the same pregnancy related issues as other women with additional concerns for as they are less likely to be physically developed to sustain a healthy pregnancy or to give birth. For girls aged 15–19, risks are associated with socioeconomic factors along with the biological effects of age. Risk of premature labor, anemia, and pre-eclampsia are observed more in teen births compared to women of optimum reproductive age group. This study is an attempt to know the prevalence of maternal complications of teenage mothers so as for appropriate management and early recognition can be done in future.
Objectives: To compare the maternal complications of teenage pregnancies with those of normal pregnancies.
Methods: A case control study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Nepal. A total of 75 (case) i.e. teenage pregnancy and 75 (control) i.e. women with optimal age group were studied. This was a hospital-based study and the data were collected during 5th January 2018 to 5th January 2019. The preformed proforma was used for history taking and examination of all participants. Only those participants who gave written consent were included in the study. Odds Ratio and its 95% CI was calculated by using conditional logistic regression. P-value of<0.05 was considered as significant.
Results: Most of the teens were in their first pregnancy with mean age 17 years. This study concluded that maternal complications were higher in teenage pregnancy (40%Vs 15%). The maternal complications like Hypertensive Disorders (OR= 2.65, 95%CI :1.07-6.54, P=0.031), Anaemia (OR= 2.07, 95%CI:1.07-4.02, P=0.031), Preterm Labour (OR= 2.28, 95%CI:1.15-4.52, P=0.017) and PPH (OR =2.49, 95%CI:1.04-5.94, P=0.04) were associated with teenage pregnancy respectively.
Conclusion: Teenage pregnancies are at the increased risk of maternal complications like hypertensive disorders, anaemia, preterm labour, and PPH. The complications are even higher in developing countries like ours where there are limited health resources and restrictive marriage laws. Therefore, an adequate antenatal visit for early detection and timely management will reduce the maternal complications during teenage pregnancy. Similarly, proper marriage laws should be implicated to prevent teenage pregnancies.
References
Blum RW, Gates WH. Girlhood, not motherhood: Preventing adolescent pregnancy. New York: UNFPA, 2015.
Ganchimeg T, Ota E, Morisaki N, et al. Pregnancy and childbirth outcomes among adolescent mothers: a World Health Organization multicountry study. Bjog. 2014;121(Suppl 1):40–8.
Fleming N, Ng N, Osborne C, Biederman S, et al. Adolescent pregnancy outcomes in the province of Ontario: a cohort study. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2013;35(3):234–45.
Khatiwada N, Silwal PR, Bhadra R, Tamang TM. Sexual and Reproductive Health of Adolescents and Youth in Nepal: Trends and Determinants: Further analysis of the 2011 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey. Maryland (USA): Nepal Ministry of Health and Population, New ERA, and ICF International; 2013. 59 p.
Maharjan RK, Karki KB, Maiya T, Shakya TM, Aryal B. Child Marriage in Nepal- Research Report. Kathmandu, Nepal: Plan Nepal; 2012. 76 p.
Nepal Law Commission . The Muluki Ain (General Code) (Nepal) Vol. 30. Kathmandu, Nepal: Nepal Law Commission; 1963. Vol. 1-409 p.
Ministry of Health and Population (Nepal), New ERA, ICF International . Nepal Demographic and Health Survey. Kathmandu: Ministry of Health and Population, New ERA, and ICF International; 2011. 2012. 421p.
Blum RW, Gates WH. Girlhood, not motherhood: Preventing Adolescent Pregnancy. New York: UNFPA; 2015. (Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, United Nations Population Fund). 62 p.
Ibrahim Isa Ayuba, OwoeyeGani. Outcome of teenage pregnancy in the Niger Delta of Nigeria. Ethiop J Health Sci. 2012;22(1):45-50
Tufail A, Hashmi HA. Maternal and perinatal outcome in teenage pregnancy in a community-based hospital. Pakistan Journal of surgery 2008;24(2):130-134
Naqvi MM, Naseem A. Maternal and Fetal Risk Associated with Teenage and Adult Pregnancy. Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College (JRMC) 2010;14(1): 40-42
Khairani O, Suriati H, Noor AM, Aida J, Syahnaz MH, Harlina HS; Adolescent pregnancy outcomes and risk factors in Malaysia; International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2010;111: 220-223
Pattanapisalsak C. Obstetric Outcomes of Teenage PrimigravidainSu-ngaiKolok Hospital, Narathiwat, Thailand; J Med Assoc Thai. 2011; 94 (2): 139-145.
Downloads
Published
License
Copyright (c) 2022 International Journal of Public Health Asia Pacific
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
International Journal of Public Health Asia Pacific (IJPHAP) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 international (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) license, unless otherwise stated. Please read our Policies page for more information on Open Access, copyright, and permissions.
